Professor D.A. Pavlov, who headed the department since 1970, made a significant contribution to the development of the Department of Kalmyk Language and Literature. In 1988, the department was split into two independent departments: the Department of Kalmyk Language and the Department of Literature of the Peoples of Russia.
From 1993 to 2008, the Department of Kalmyk Language was led by Professor P.Ts. Bitkeev. In 2007, the Department of Kalmyk Language was renamed to the Department of Kalmyk Language and Mongolistics. From 2008 to 2012, the department was headed by Associate Professor B.V. Badmaev. Since 2012, the department has been led by Professor V.N. Mushaev.
Main directions of scientific and scientific-methodical work of the department:
- Modern problems of Kalmyk linguistics: research on the main theoretical and practical issues of phonetics, vocabulary, morphology, syntax, and stylistics.
- Topical issues of the history of Kalmyk and Common Mongolic linguistics: study of written heritage in Old Written Mongolian, Old Kalmyk, and other writing systems of Mongolic peoples. Collection, thematic grouping, and analysis of linguistic material from various archives and funds existing in different countries.
- Linguistic aspects of teaching methodology of the Kalmyk language. Within the framework of continuous education in the Kalmyk language, issues of content and volume of the language material involved are among the most important components of the teaching system.
Every year, department staff participate and present reports at international scientific-practical conferences and congresses, as well as at scientific forums at federal, regional, and sectoral levels.
The department’s lecturers participate in fundamental, international, and sectoral programs, for example:
- "Accumulation of the layer of common Oirat vocabulary of the Kalmyk language in the context of the Common Mongolic proto-language" (Federal Target Program) 2012-2013.
- "Historical connection of the Kalmyk language with the language of the Oirats of Northwestern Mongolia" (RSF Grant No. 07-04-92306 a/G) 2007.
- "Folklore of Mongolic peoples: research and texts" (RSF Grant No. 08-04-92304 a/G) 2010.
- "On the correlation of Turkic and Mongolic grammatical elements in the Turkic-Mongolic linguistic community" (RSF Grant No. 10-04-00496 a) 2010-2012.
- "Language of the Derbets of Russia and Mongolia" (RSF Grant No. 11-24-03005 a/G) 2011-2013.
- "Problems of functioning and development of languages in a plurilingual space (based on materials of the Republic of Kalmykia region – 2010, 2011)" (RSF Grant No. 11-04-00553/13) 2011.
- "Grammatical structure of the language of Kalmyk written monuments of the 17th–19th centuries" (RSF Grant No. 11-04-00553/13) 2011-2013.
- "Toponymic space of the Republic of Kalmykia" (RSF Grant No. 13-04-18022/13) 2013.
- "Creation of a Kalmyk-Russian-English educational dictionary of colloquial speech" (RSF Grant No. 13-14-08003/13) 2013-2014.
- "Ethnolinguistic map of Mongols in Northwest China: language and traditional culture of Kukunor Oirats" (RSF Grant No. 14-04-18006) 2014.
- "Trilingual dictionary of homonyms" (RFBR Grant No. 16-04-00304 OGN) 2016-2018.
- "Annotated catalog of traditional motifs of the epic of Mongolic peoples" (RFBR Grant) 2017-2019.
- "Russian Orthodox Church: missionary activity and culture of the Kalmyks" (RFBR Grant No. 17-01-00327) 2017-2019.
- "Comparative associative collocations (direct translated associative dictionary of comparisons)" (RSF Grant No. 16-04-00312 OGN) 2016-2018.
- "Typology and dynamics of linguistic processes in the Turkic-Mongolic area" (Intra-university Kalmyk State University grant) 2018.
- "Vocabulary of material culture of the Kalmyk language" (RFBR Grant) 2019-2021.
- "Kalmyk epic 'Geser': translation from Oirat to Clear Script" (RFBR Grant) 2019-2021.
The department staff actively participate in academic exchanges as lecturers in Rostov-on-Don (RSE "RINH"), at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow), Warsaw University (Warsaw, Poland), "MOMTVATAN" (Ankara, Turkey), West Kazakhstan State University named after M. Utemisov (Uralsk, Kazakhstan). Under the guidance of the department’s lecturers, students participate in federal, regional, and republican scientific-practical conferences and fundamental scientific research.